De-extinction is a process of using biotechnology and other tools to bring extinct species back to life. This process includes sequencing an extinct animal’s DNA, introducing new genetic material into the animal’s genome, and then implanting this edited embryo in a surrogate mother.

Colossal Biosciences is one of the first companies to pursue de-extinction and has made great progress with bringing back the Woolly Mammoth and Tasmanian Tiger. With their new $150 million investment, they are turning their attention to the Dodo bird in hopes of restoring it to its former habitat.

De-extinction has been made more feasible with recent developments in biotechnology, particularly gene editing tools such as CRISPR. These tools have revolutionized the way scientists approach genetic engineering and have made it much easier to manipulate DNA sequences.

The initial process begins with obtaining ancient DNA from fossils or preserved specimens of the extinct species. This combined with other methods such as artificial gametes, gene editing, and cloning may lead to success in recreating a species that no longer exists.

To complete the de-extinction process, scientists must generate healthy and genetically diverse populations of the species. This involves creating individuals with functional genes, or those which are expressed to produce the desired traits.

Scientists will then adapt the environment and surrounding habitats in order to facilitate their needs and ensure that the species can thrive. Conservation efforts will also be required to prevent a second extinction as natural predators, limited resources, climate change, and human contact may lead to their disappearances once again.